History of Israel and Palestine
The Roots of the Conflict - Origin of Israel and Palestine
History of Israel until 1919
Die Wurzeln Israels reichen weit zurück bis in die biblische Zeit. Laut biblischer Überlieferung führte Moses das israelitische Volk aus der ägyptischen Sklaverei, und sein Nachfolger Josua eroberte das Land Kanaan, welches später als Israel bekannt wurde. Über die Jahre etablierten sich hier verschiedene Königreiche, darunter das vereinigte Königreich unter Saul, David und Salomo sowie die getrennten Königreiche Israel und Judah nach der Trennung.
The history of Israel
Israel hat eine lange und komplexe Geschichte, die weit in die Antike zurückreicht. Bereits in biblischen Zeiten wurde das Gebiet von verschiedenen Völkern bewohnt und kontrolliert. Laut der Bibel führte Moses die Israeliten aus Ägypten in das Land Kanaan, das als das gelobte Land betrachtet wurde. Unter König David und seinem Sohn Salomon erlebte das antike Israel eine Blütezeit.
Zionism
Zionism emerged in the late 19th century as a reaction to the widespread discrimination and persecution of Jews in Europe. Theodor Herzl, an Austro-Hungarian journalist, is considered one of the founding fathers of Zionism. He wrote the book “The Jewish State,” in which he proposed the creation of a separate state for the Jewish people as a solution to anti-Semitism.
Israel and Palestine - from partition to occupation
In 1917, there was a significant declaration, the Balfour Declaration, in which Britain expressed its support for the establishment of a “national home for the Jewish people” in Palestine. This declaration was a decisive step that paved the way for the Zionist movement to gain a foothold in the region.
Israel and the British Mandate
The conflict between Israelis and Palestinians has deep-rooted historical roots. One of these roots lies in the period of the British Mandate over Palestine (1920-1948). During this period, the area experienced an increase in Jewish immigration, often supported by the British Mandate rulers. The local Arab population felt threatened and tensions arose.
The establishment of the State of Israel
Before the establishment of Israel, the area that now comprises Israel and Palestine was under British control, known as the British Mandate of Palestine. Jewish and Arab communities lived in this region, each with different national aspirations. The Jewish community sought its own state as a refuge for Jews from around the world, especially in light of the persecutions in Europe.
Key events of the Israel-Palestine conflict from 1917 until today
Balfour-Deklaration (1917), UN-Teilungsplan (1947), Gründung Israels (1948), Sechstagekrieg (1967), …
The Balfour Declaration and its impact on modern Israel and Palestine
The Balfour Declaration was a letter sent on November 2, 1917, by British Foreign Secretary Arthur Balfour to Lionel Walter Rothschild, a leader of the British Jewish community. In this letter, the British government expressed its support for the establishment of a “national home” for the Jewish people in Palestine. At that time, Palestine was part of the Ottoman Empire, but after World War I it came under British control.
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